Method of and means for casting steel or other ingots or castings



April 6 1926. 1,579,743

J. H. WARLOW, JR

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR CASTING STEEL OR OTHER INGOTS 0R CASTINGS Filed April 25. 1923 a d h a Q h z a r/ca nc. 4

l/VVAYVTO/F Jo/m f/arriew War/0M Jim/or *5) A rrm/vzy mUJa/M W superimposed or arra Patented Apr. 6, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

JOHN amazes wmow, m, or aornanm, ENGLAND.

mmrnon or am) mg Iron cas'rnve swam, on orums moors on memes.

Application filed April 25, 1623. Seria11I'o.-634,421.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN Hams WAR- Low, Junior, of Stoneleigh, Godstone Road, Bother-ham, in the county of York, England, a subject. of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented certain new and usefullmproved Methods of and.

Means for Casting Steel or Other Ingots or Castings, of which the following is a specification. i

This invention relates to the-method of and means for casting steel or other ingots or castings into moulds arranged in tiers or superimposed and has for its object to expedite t e casting of a very large quantity of metal into comparatively small ingots without chilling of the flowing metal so frifiuently experienced.

'therto, m casting ingots in moulds ed in tiers and wherein the molten meta is caused to flow upwards, the molten metal isrun into and fills the bottom mould whence it passes into the next mould and soon, that is, it is ushed or raised from one mould to another y the continuing or following stream of molten metal-constantly flowing into the bottom mould. This method has not, however, proved successful Owing, to the fact that in passing from mould to mould-the metal chills so rapidly owing to the large area of chilling surface formed by the walls of the moulds that the liqllllid metal rapidly loses its fluidity and by t e time the metal reaches the second orthird mould from the bottom it frequently has become so viscous that no further flow is possible.

In other cases a group of superimposed moulds has been arran ed around a 'rlmner disposed centrall of e group of moulds,

the molten meta issuing endwa sior side-.

ways into each, mould and in. suc cases the of casting metal bodies having a 'central hole, consists in causing-molten metal to flow upwards through a mounting' p'lassage lothe heart v 'ach-mo'uld of a superimpose series, said cated and passing throu of in pamage simultaneously. serving as V a centre core for eachtxresultin hollow body, causing-the moltenmetal-to ssuedl rectly from said core. from within each mould at the heart thereof and separately thereinto whereby the moulds are'filled separately and successively upwards from the heart thereof, the molten metal in ,each

filled mould surrounding the coreat the;

heart thereof andsustainin the heat around said core so as to retain flui 'ty of the molten stream within the mounting passage and subsequently. removing'the core from the rt of each resultant gfferring to the drawings filed here w1 Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of' one form of apparatus for carrying out this invention and as applied tocasting annular. i

or disc ingots of steel.

Figs, 2, 3 and 4 are modified forms. a a, a, a are moulds superimposed oi: builtup in any well known manner, as "for instance in Fig. 1 by two halves b andcgand .d is a central refractory. runner or coreforming a mountin passage for the molten metal and passing mould or compartment and communicating through a channel 0. with. a runner) fed directly from the ladle 9. -Outlets h, h, h

are provided in the-central refractory runner d communicating with the moulds a and air are also provided.

The method of o ration-is as follows Havin arrang for example, thirty moulds in five stacks of six moulds each) around a runner f with the refractory runvent holes' j, 7', j for the escape of displaced.

new (I placed in position, the steel is cured from the ladle 9 downrunner f' w are it flows. 810 the channel a into the runner d and as it rises to the height of the first out let I itissuestherethrough into the first mould at the'heart thereof, the air displaced escaping through the vent holes j. As soon as the firstmould is filled,'thesteel .then I rises again in the runner untilit reaches the next outlet 72. through which it flows into the second mould also at the heart the whole of the thereof and so on until Itwill be seen that. by

runner (1 only such steel as passes throu h r the outlets It comes into oontactgwith t e "chilled walls of the moulds so that the continuing molten stream of steel in the run nerd is kept hot and fluid by the liquid steel nit sfi mdulds m di lrr n i rough the heart of each said rlmner, as the only points of contact it has with the rapidly freezing steel in the moulds is by the small orifices k and 7'.

As a result, the steel which fills the top mould of the stack is practically as hot and fluid as that which flows into the bottom mould, any loss of heat being simply due to. the extra length of time'the steel has been held in the ladle and not to its having had to pass throu'gh any or each one of the preceding moulds. Each ingot, when cold, will have part of the core or runner (Z in its centre which has to be cleared from the steel by punching out thereby leaving an ingot with a central hole therein.

A modified construction of mould is shown in'Fig. 2, in that the moulds a, a, a are I built up in twelve pieces, and in F1g.- 3, a

v as shown in chain lines in Fig. 1, and furfurther modification shows the moulds built up in seven pieces.

The refractory runner d may be rein forced by a steel tube or other support,

ther, it may very conveniently be formed of spigoted and socketed open ended tubular bricks as shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 shows a still further modified form of mould for casting steel ingots, in which the core or runner is made discontinuous and the vent holes are dispensed with.

Inthis form, the core or runner is composed of a number of small tubular bricks k, k placed axially above one another each at a distance apart and one such tubular brick to each ingot to be cast, whereby the stream of molten steel in its upward flow bridges, in its travel, the space between each tubular brick 70 as the moulds are filled and flows continuously upward; Preferably, they are each disposed with their lower end slightly protruding through the bottom of each mould and their upper end two-thirds up the heightiof each mould and as the molten steel flows up the bricks, the distance etween each brick is such that the force of the rising stream of molten steel is sufiicient to carry itself into and through the next brick as each preceding mould is filled by the molten metal issuing from the outlets h and the top of each brick. The bricks are held in position in the mould by annular flanges m, m thereonengaging complementary annular recesses in the partitions or walls dividing the moulds and each ingot when cast has a tubular brick in in its centre which is punched out as before.

. The particular spacing apart of the tubular bricks 7c,-72' is controllable by the rate of'teeming and by the internal diameter ofsaid bricks, for example, the smaller the diameter and the quicker the rate of teeming,

the greater can be their distance apart.

What I claim and desire to secure by -mould surrounding the core at the heart thereof and sustaining the heat around said core so as to retain fluidity of the molten stream within the mounting passage and subsequentlyfremoving the core from the heart of each resultant casting.

2. Means for casting metal bodies having a central hole, wherein molten 3. Means for casting metal bodies having a central hole comprising superimposed moulds, a core positioned centrally of and passing through the heart of each of said,

moulds and forming a mounting passage for molten metal through the heart of each mould, means for permitting molten metal to issue from said core into each mould from within and at the heart thereof and means for conveying molten metal to the core.

4. Means for casting metal bodies having a central hole comprising superimposed moulds, a core positioned centrally of and passing through the heart of each of said moulds and forming a mounting passage for molten metal through the heart of each mould, said core being constituted by a plurality of tubular open ended bricks placed end to end with one brick to each mould, means for permitting molten metal to issue from each brick into its respective mould from within and at the heart thereof, and

, means for conveying molten metal to the core. y

5. Means for casting metal bodies having a central hole comprising superimposed moulds, a core positioned centrally of and passing through the heart of each ofsaid moulds and forming a mounting passage for molten metal through the heart 'of each mould, said core being constituted by a plurality of tubular open ended bricks disposed in axial relation to one another and spaced apart, one brick to each mould, means for permitting molten metal to issue from each brick into its respective mould from within and at the heart thereof, and means for conveying molten metal to the core.

6. Means for casting metal bodies having a central hole comprising superimposed moulds built. up in integral halves, a core positioned centrally of and passing through the heart of each of said moulds and forming ,a mounting passage for molten metal through the heart of each mould, means for permittingnmolten metal to issue from said core into each mould from within and at the i heart thereof, and means for conveying mo1- ten metal to the core.

Means for casting metal bodies having a central hole comprising moulds built up in individual halves, a core positioned centrally of and passing through the heart of each of said moulds and forming a mounting passage for molten metal through the heart of each mould, means for permitting molten metal to issue from said core into each mould from within and at the heart thereof, and means for conveying molten metal to the core.

8. Means moulds arranged in multiple, a core positioned centrally of and passing through the heart of each of said moulds and forming a mounting passage for molten metal through the heart of each mould, means for permitting molten metal to issue from said core into each mould from within and at the heart thereof, means for supporting the tubular bricks Within each mould, and means for conveying molten metal to the core.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name, to this specification. JOHN HARRIES WARL OW (JUNIOR).

for casting metal bodies having a .central hole comprising superimposed. 

